Na-aga n'ihu na osooso nke ulo oru technology ọhụrụ na mmepe, mechanized mmepụta mode ji nwayọọ nwayọọ dochie ntuziaka mmepụta na ụfọdụ mmepụta ubi, karịsịa na n'ichepụta ụlọ ọrụ.N'ihi gburugburu ebe obibi pụrụ iche nke akụkụ ụfọdụ dị mkpa, dị ka okpomọkụ dị elu na nrụgide dị elu, iji hụ na nkwụsi ike nke akụkụ ahụ, àgwà nke akụkụ kwesịrị izute ụkpụrụ ndị dị mkpa, nke na-ebute ihe ndị dị elu chọrọ maka nhazi nhazi.Machining àgwà bụ tumadi esịnede akụkụ abụọ: machining ziri ezi na machining elu àgwà.Naanị site n'iji nlezianya na-achịkwa njikọ abụọ dị mkpa na-arụ ọrụ, enwere ike ịchịkwa àgwà nke machining nke ọma na àgwà nke ngwaahịa ndị na-emepụta ihe na-erute ụkpụrụ eji eme ihe.
1. Nkọwa nke machining quality
Ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma gụnyere akụkụ abụọ: izi ezi nke igwe na ịdị mma n'elu, nke ọdịdị geometry na ihe na-emetụta n'otu n'otu.
1.1 àgwà geometry na usoro nhazi, ịdị mma nke geometry ga-emetụta izi ezi nke igwe.Ogo geometric na-ezo aka na njehie geometric dị n'etiti elu ngwaahịa na interface na usoro nhazi.Ọ gụnyere akụkụ abụọ: njehie macro geometry na njehie micro geometry.N'ozuzu, oke dị n'etiti elu ebili mmiri na wavelength nke njehie macro geometry dị elu karịa 1000. N'ozuzu, oke nke ịdị elu nke ebili mmiri na ogologo ogologo bụ ihe na-erughị 50.
1.2 àgwà nke ihe na machining, àgwà nke ihe na-ezo aka mgbanwe n'etiti àgwà nke anụ ahụ Njirimara aka na elu oyi akwa nke n'ibu ngwaahịa na matriks, makwaara dị ka nhazi mgbanwe oyi akwa.Na usoro nke machining, àgwà nke ihe ga-emetụta elu mma, nke a na-egosipụta tumadi na-arụ ọrụ siri ike nke elu oyi akwa na mgbanwe nke metallographic Ọdịdị nke elu oyi akwa.N'ime ha, ọrụ hardening nke elu oyi akwa na-ezo aka na-abawanye nke hardness nke elu oyi akwa metal ngwaahịa n'ihi na plastic deformation na sliding n'etiti ọka n'oge machining.N'ozuzu, akụkụ atọ dị mkpa ka a tụlee na nwale nke machining hardness nke n'ibu ngwaahịa, ya bụ, elu metal hardness, hardening omimi na hardening ogo.Mgbanwe nke metallographic Ọdịdị nke elu oyi akwa na-ezo aka mgbanwe nke metallographic Ọdịdị nke elu metal nke n'ibu ngwaahịa n'ihi omume nke igbutu okpomọkụ na machining.
2. Ihe na-emetụta àgwà machining
N'ime usoro ịhịa aka n'ahụ, nsogbu ịdị mma n'ịrụ ọrụ gụnyere ịkacha ihe dị n'elu na ichicha ala.N'ozuzu, ihe ndị na-emetụta àgwà nke igwe nwere ike kewaa ụzọ abụọ: ihe geometric na ihe anụ ahụ.
2.1 na-egbutu elu ala n'ime igwe, nsogbu dị mma nke ịcha elu na-agụnye akụkụ abụọ: ihe geometric na ihe anụ ahụ.N'ime ha, geometric ihe na-agụnye isi deflection angle, sub deflection angle, igbutu ndepụta na na, mgbe anụ ahụ ihe na-agụnye workpiece ihe, ọnwụ ọsọ, ndepụta na na.Na machining, ductile ihe na-eji workpiece nhazi, na metal plasticity nke ihe na-adịkarị mfe deformation, na machined elu ga-esi ike.Ya mere, iji belata n'elu roughness na melite ọnwụ arụmọrụ mgbe a na-eji ọkara carbon ígwè na ala carbon ígwè workpiece ihe na ezi ike siri ike, ọ bụ n'ozuzu dị mkpa ka mepụta quenching na tempering ọgwụgwọ n'etiti finishing.
Mgbe ị na-eji ihe eji emepụta plastik eme ihe, ọsọ nke igbutu ga-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na nhazi elu igwe.Mgbe ọsọ igbupu rutere n'ụkpụrụ ụfọdụ, ihe gbasara nke puru omume nke nrụrụ plastik metal dị ala, na nhụsianya elu dịkwa ntakịrị.
Mgbe ị na-achịkwa parampat ịkpụ, ibelata ndepụta nri nwere ike ibelata ịdị njọ nke elu ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ.Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ nri dị ntakịrị, ihe dị n'elu ga-abawanye;Naanị site n'ịchịkwa ọnụ ahịa nri n'ụzọ ziri ezi ka enwere ike ibelata ịdị njọ nke elu.
2.2 na-egweri ihe nrịbama elu n'ime usoro nhazi, ihe na-egweri na-eme ka ọ bụrụ akara nke mkpụrụ osisi abrasive na wiil egweri.N'ozuzu, ọ bụrụ na ndị ọzọ ájá grains na-agafe unit ebe nke workpiece, ka scratches na workpiece, na contour nke scratches na workpiece na-emetụta elu roughness nke egweri.Ọ bụrụ na contour nke notch na workpiece dị mma, n'elu roughness nke egweri ga-ala.Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ihe ndị na-ahụ maka anụ ahụ nke na-emetụta ọdịdị elu nke igwe ihe na-egweri ihe na ihe ndị ọzọ.Na machining, na-egweri wheel ọsọ ga-emetụta egweri elu roughness, mgbe workpiece ọsọ nwere mmetụta dị iche na-egweri elu roughness.The ọsọ ọsọ nke egweri wheel, ka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke abrasive ahụ kwa unit ebe workpiece na unit oge, na nta n'elu roughness.Tụnyere na ọsọ nke egweri wheel, ma ọ bụrụ na ọsọ nke workpiece na-aghọ ngwa ngwa, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke abrasive grains na-agafe na machined elu nke workpiece na unit oge ga-abụ obere, na elu roughness ga-amụba.Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, mgbe ọnụ ọgụgụ nri ogologo oge nke wheel na-egweri dị ntakịrị karịa obosara nke wheel na-egweri, a ga-egbutu elu nke workpiece ugboro ugboro, ihe na-adịghị mma nke ihe na-arụ ọrụ ga-abawanye, na elu roughness nke workpiece ga-ebelata.
Oge nzipu: Mee-24-2021